In the wee small hours of Friday, November 7, the Goochland
Board of Supervisors voted 4-1 with Jonathan Lyle, District 5 in dissent, to
approve creation of a technology overlay district and technology zone (TOD/TZ)
in the eastern end of the county, which has been a designated growth area for
decades. The vote followed more than six hours of public comment by more than
80 speakers. (A video and transcript of the entire public hearing and comments
by the supervisors before the vote is available on the county website https://www.goochlandva.us/ under the
“watch county meetings tab.)
Long story short. Since taking office in 2024, these
supervisors set a goal to make the commercial/residential tax ratio of 30/70
through economic development. It is currently about 18/82. Residential
development does not pay its own way.
Since the TOD/TD initiative was put forth by the county in
early July, it has created a firestorm of opposition, mostly from new residents
in the Hockett Road corridor complaining that they were not aware that data centers
had been a by right use in West Creek since 2014 and do not want them in their
backyards. A provision to allow small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs) by right
met with even more virulent opposition. The late in the game addition of approximately
900 acres north of the Richmond Country Club between Hockett Road and Mosaic
that allowed data centers by right especially enraged residents of Mosaic.
For more than a generation, the owners of the 900 acres, now
dubbed TOD west, apart from demanding that the county grant access to privately
built internal roads in West Creek and Rt. 288, have been coy about their
intentions, if any, to develop their land. Rumor of an agreement between owners
of TOD west and unnamed entities to blanket the acreage with enormous by-right data
centers further stirred the pot. The land is currently zoned A-2. As approved
by the board, data centers in TOD west must obtain a conditional use permit.
This process includes at least one community meeting and public hearings before
both the planning commission and supervisors. Unlike zoning ordinances, which tend
to be generic, CUPs are site specific and better able to mitigate impacts on
neighboring properties.
A motion by Lyle to remove the 900 acres from the TOD/TZ
died for lack of a second, as did a motion he made to defer a vote for 120 days
to allow more study.
Opponents of the TOD/TZ contended that data centers anywhere
in Goochland pose a dire health hazard, harm the environment, and cause a
significant decline in the value of their homes.
Charle Vaughters, District 4, moved to approve the TOD/TZ with
amendments made in response to citizen feedback. He said that the process was
the most challenging during his tenure as a supervisor. The TOD/TZ, he said, gives
Goochland “the chance to set and follow a higher standard for development, solidify
and grow our county’s economy in ways never before imagined, and achieve our
stated goals for decades to come.”
Vaughters cited the massive capital needs of the county, more
than $217 million in the next decade growing to at least $490 million in 25
years. He said that infrastructure investment was made in the east end to
support economic development. The ordinance, as amended, “is thoughtful, both economically
and technically feasible in mitigating risk and makes Goochland not only
competitive, but hopefully a leader is achieving modern economic development.”
He further said “I know there is a resounding voice against
data center development. However, the fact that data centers could be developed
in West Creek with far lesser standards than what is proposed in this ordinance
led me to find the best compromise possible. My colleagues and I did everything
possible to make this as strong as possible knowing it will not appease everyone.
That is an understatement. Even though opponents offered voluminous
and detailed tweaks to the TOD/TZ, and demanded more time to study the issue, they
really just want the whole thing to go away. Some said that they would gladly
pay higher taxes rather than have data centers in the county. They do not seem
to understand that many of the other 27,000 Goochland residents struggle to pay
taxes at the current rate.
Jonathan Christy District 1 thanked staff, the planning
commission, and his fellow supervisors for working tirelessly on the TOD/TZ. “After
months of emails, accusations, rumors, adjustments, compromises, meetings, and
fear mongering, I am satisfied that the best option that works for everyone is now
complete. There are no individual winners in this but as a whole we have fortified
our financial standing and will be able to provide some level of protection to
residents that had not previously existed. We as a board have the obligation to
not just look at the next few years, but to think about the next 50. There are
no winners on this board. I have taken some personal hits in this process. Let
me be crystal clear on something. I was never involved in any backroom deals regarding
development. I hear rumors just like everyone else but have the responsibility
to verify them before spreading them. Understand that this process has not been
rushed or that concerns have been brushed off.
“This TOD is far different from its original draft. To my shock,
I cannot believe that we are being attacked for making concessions and improvements.”
Neil Spoonhower, District 2, also refuted allegations that
the measure had been “backdoored,” contending that it could have been done with
a single community meeting and public hearings before the planning commission
and supervisors. Instead, there were several community meetings and smaller
sessions with various focus groups and neighborhoods. He said that economic
development in the designated growth area protects rural areas will be
protected and enhances the revenue base.
“We did listen,” said Spoonhower. “Nobody wanted to hear
what we had to say.” He read all the emails he received, responded to about 600,
watched videos, and followed links he was sent. “I heard, I listened, I
understand, but I do not agree. I believe that data centers are the best thing
for the area. There is nothing I can say that will get you on my side.”
Spoonhower added a bit of perspective to the discussion. He watched
the videos of the board meetings at which Readers Branch and Mosaic were
approved.
“Many of the same objections were raised then. It’s going to
destroy the rural character, harm the environment, people are going to die on
Hockett Road because of the increased traffic. That wasn’t because of a data
center, it was because of ya’lls neighborhoods. And guess what? I think that was
a pretty damn good decision that you’re all here.”
“This should be no surprise to anyone. In 2024 when this
board took office the first thing we did, announced in public that we planned to
bring commercial development, including working with our EDA to bring data
centers to Goochland, to preserve the rural character. This was not hiding the football.”
As approved, the ordinance and comprehensive land use plan
changes require energy generation, including small modular nuclear reactors and
gas peaker plants, to obtain CUPs. This will provide ample opportunity for
public input and a mechanism to educate citizens about the local impact of
emerging technology during that process. More stringent noise dampening for generators
and data centers as well as increased visual and aural screening, including
berms and landscaping, were in the approved documents. More robust sound
baffling and restricted hours on generator operation and testing were also
approved.
Only two small parcels opted out of inclusion in the TOD/TZ.
The TOD/TZ imposes restrictions on data centers currently
allowed by right in West Creek adjacent to residential property. This seems to
have been done without the consent of West Creek property owners, which may
well lead to legal action.
Since July many ugly and unfounded accusations have been hurled
at supervisors, including that they are being bribed and need to be removed
from office. It seems likely that they have also gotten emails and phone calls in
a similar and, perhaps more violent, vein. Those who claim they could do a
better job should remember that the next time the board faces a controversial
proposal, and there will be a next time, whoever is in office will face similar
calumny. It is impossible to please everyone and no matter how hard they work,
at least half the people will be mad at them.